A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL MACHINE LEARNING, DEEP LEARNING, AND TRANSFORMER-BASED MODELS FOR SPAM DETECTION: PERFORMANCE, FEATURE ANALYSIS, AND DEPLOYMENT TRADE-OFFS. Kashf Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, [S. l.], v. 3, n. 04, p. 138–167, 2026. DOI: 10.71146/kjmr900. Disponível em: https://kjmr.ac.pk/kjmr/article/view/900. Acesso em: 24 may. 2026.